ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE, defined as appointing DATA MESSAGE to the originator, which is a portion of the security provision of electronic communication transactions has widely attracted attention of Electronic Commerce Act 1382, UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce, United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in Internet Contracts 2005 and many other similar ones. From the articles 18 to 21, Iran's Electronic Commerce Act, which are inspired by the article 13 of UNCITRAL Model law on Electronic Commerce, clarify the content of ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE in several cases, Act works on ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE subject and only determines criteria for distinguishing the conditions of ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE from the originator, for instance, according to the article 19 of Iran’s act, despite of not sending the DATA MESSAGE by originator, and also the principle of non- ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE, it is attributed to the originator, and in this path, it benefits from concepts that there are some ambiguities about them. In this regard, it has used concepts that either there are some ambiguities about their exact concept or their application. In this research, attempts have been made to analyze the articles 18 to 21 of Electronic Commerce Act of Iran and also obviating ambiguities of them.

“, ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE”,is one of the most important issues in Iran's e-commerce law. Due to the novelty of the subject and the weakness of the relevant legal and technical literature, the subject could be improperly interpreted and understood. In this article, while analyzing articles 18 to 21 of the Electronic Commerce Law of Iran as well as proposing an amendment to the provisions of Article 19, an attempt is made to remove the ambiguities related to them. The precise concept, elements and factual and evidential aspects of “, ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE”, , proposed methods in proving ATTRIBUTION, the concept and instances of the third party which have been impliedly and very vaguely provided in paragraph b of article 19, have been analyzed and discussed. Factual and evidential aspects of ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE in the form of three assumptions,namely a method introduced by or agreed with the originator and the actions of the third party,have been explained and interpreted. Other important topics such as secure and insecure methods and secure procedure have been discussed: a secure procedure and its instances in proving ATTRIBUTION of DATA MESSAGE could be technologically very sophisticated such as an asymmetric cryptographic system (using public key and private key) or could be as simple as a telephone call to confirm the identity of the sender through another channel of communication.

Civil law in article 1258, considers written documents as the proofs of sustaining evidence and also subsequent to that has defined the document in article 1284 as "the documents consists of any written paper that is attributable in the position of dispute or defend."The definition of article 1248 of civil law is that the document shall be in objective & substantial form, but the increasing tendency to using of Electronical devices and also expanded trend to application of electronic contract conclusion, and as a result the governments are forced to consider even its legal aspect and enact the appropriate rules in this regard. In our country, the enactment Electronic Business Act passed on 07 Jan. 2004 can be considered as an effective and important step in this field.In spite of enactment of law of Iranian Electronic Business Act, the statues of electronic contracts and following it the electronic evidences especially the Electronical document are ambiguous and this matter made many problems for fair and proper judgment.The main object of present thesis is to reviewing the Electronical documents as a new form of documents subject of article 1258 of civil law. This research focuses on this fact that, although civil law has expressively applied the word "written" in the definition of document, but the comparison of traditional documents and Electronical documents make explicit that according to theory of functional equivalences, whatever that can be considered as function of traditional documents, exactly or even in the better manner, provides the Electronical documents.

Different types of contact, including contact between node pairs, any-contact of nodes, and contacts of the entire network, are used to characterize social relations in mobile social networks. Different modes of routing, from the point of view of MESSAGE delivery semantics, encompass unicasting, multicasting, any-casting, and broadcasting. Studies have shown that using probability distribution functions of contact DATA, which is mainly assumed to be homogeneous for nodes, improves the performance of these networks. However, there exists an important challenge in studies on distributions. A lot of works apply the distribution of one type of contact to other types. Hence in routing applications, it causes to use of the distribution of one type of contact for any mode of routing. This study provides a complete solution to model each type of homogeneous contact DATA distribution and to use them in different modes of routing. We propose a routing algorithm that uses this new model. Results show that our solution improves the average latency of comparing methods Epidemic, TCCB, and DR about 3.5-times, 30%, and 45%, respectively. It achieves a delivery rate of about 5% and 6%, and average latency about 6% and 8% better than that of DR and TCCB, respectively.

Today, one of the most commonly reasons use in claims, is electronic evidence. Due to being new this form of reasons, this question comes to mind that these types of reasons are new, or the template and form for the reasons proof of existence (in article 1285 civil law). If you choose second assumption, this question arises that this type of electronic MESSAGE used in the claim, the form and template what type reason (whether it is a circumstantial evidence or a document and so on) is. By investigating in the legal texts and examining the types of DATA MESSAGEs, it can be argued that electronic reasons is essentially as a template and form of the reasons proof of existence that can be regarded as a document or a circumstantial evidence unless in particular non-documentary reliable DATA MESSAGEs (such as recorded sound in black box of aircraft) that are not in template of the reasons proof of existence. That is, the new reason with its own specific proof burden, while not considered as a document, because of a reliable electronic record is not doubtful and undeniable.

The neoclassical growth model is tested by use of panel DATA procedure in this research. In the econometric test, simoultanously time series and cross detection will be compared on the basis of panel DATA method through which their observed points increase and consequently the estimation efficiency will be increased. The examination of neoclassical growth theory has been done with reference to external & internal factors of 52 selected countries from 1960 to 2000. The independent variable of model has been selected on the basis of the result of previous research which explains the result in three separate models: developed countries, developing countries, and whole countries. These factors are such as: Gross National Products with lag of period, work force age, growth rate, education level, the change of capital accumulation and economic trade volum. The consequences of this research is that: neoclassical growth model can explain the major part of economic growth of the countries with use of internal variables. Also with the use of panel procedure of fixed effect, we can see the fundamental differences and structure of the growth process for different countries; and show how the economic, and social conditions affect on the growth.

Humans communicate with each other through words and convey the MESSAGE to the audience, in principle, words are understood by customary meanings. In the case of non-compliance with this principle, communication will confront problems, simultaneously the convey of meanings will face difficulties, and understanding the objectives will not be simply possible. Whereas the legislature aims to adopt regulations to regulate social relations, it is expected that the legislature observes the minimal principles of literature not only for choosing the words but for the way of writing them. In this study, the descriptive-analytical method is used and this question is examined that to what extent the Electronic Commerce Law has succeeded in using words and observing the fundamental principles of literature. Despite the significance of the Law, it seems that the legislator has not been succeeded in applying the rules and principles of writing. In particular, the failure is evident in the section of definitions, since some words are selected which seem pleonasm, and some words are defined which in part have an obvious meaning. Due to the weakness in passing the concepts on, in some parts of the Law the basic principles of literature are not used properly.